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Mathematics-Online lexicon:

Angle

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Given two vectors $ \vec{a},\vec{b}\ne\vec{0}$ . The associated arrows, attached with their tails to a given point (vertex), form two angels of which the smaller one is denoted by

$\displaystyle \sphericalangle(\vec{a},\vec{b}) \in [0,\pi]\,. $

\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{a_winkel}

The two vectors are called orthogonal, $ \vec{a}\perp\vec{b}$ , if the angle between them equals $ \pi/2$ . By convention, the zero vector is orthogonal to every vector.

see also:

[Examples]
  automatically generated 3/28/2008